ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
15CHE12/15CHE22
Course objectives:
To provide students with knowledge of engineering chemistry for building technical competence in industries, research and development in the following fields
•Electrochemistry & Battery Technology.
•Corrosion & Metal Finishing.
•Fuels & Solar energy.
•Polymers.
•Water Technology & Nano Materials.
MODULE 1
Electrochemistry and Battery Technology Electrochemistry:
Introduction, Derivation of Nernst equation for electrode potential. Reference electrodes: Introduction,construction, working and applications of calomel and Ag / AgClelectrodes. Measurement of electrode potential using calomel electrode. Ion selective electrode: Introduction; Construction and working of glass electrode, determination of pH using glass electrode. Concentration cells: Electrolyte concentration cells,numerical problems.Battery Technology:Introduction, classification – primary,secondary and reserve batteries. Characteristics -cell potential,current, capacity, electricity storage density, energy efficiency, cycle10 hours life and shelf life. Construction, working and applications of Zinc-Air, Nickel- metal hydride batteries. Lithium batteries: Introduction,construction, working and applications of Li-MnO2and Li-ion batteries.
Fuel Cells:
Introduction, difference between conventional cell and fuel cell, limitations & advantages. Construction,working &applications of methanol-oxygen fuel cell with H2SO4electrolyte.
10 HOURS
MODULE 2
Corrosion and Metal Finishing:
Corrosion: Introduction, electrochemical theory of corrosion,galvanic series. Factors affecting the rate of corrosion: ratio ofanodic to cathodic areas, nature of metal, nature of corrosionproduct, nature of medium – pH, conductivity, and temperature.Types of corrosion- Differential metal, differential aeration (Pittingand water line) and stress. Corrosion control: Inorganic coatings-Anodizing of Al and phosphating; Metal coatings-Galvanization andTinning. Cathodic protection (sacrificial anodic and impressed current methods).
Metal Finishing:
Introduction, Technological importance.Electroplating: Introduction, principles governing-Polarization,decomposition potential and over voltage. Factors influencing the nature of electro deposit-current density, concentration of metal ion& electrolyte; pH, temperature & throwing power of plating bath;additives- brighteners, levellers, structure modifiers & wetting agents. Electroplating of Nickel (Watt’s Bath) and Chromium(decorative and hard). Electroless plating: Introduction,distinction between electroplating and electroless plating, electroless plating of copper & manufacture of double sided Printed Circuit Board with copper.
10 HOURS
MODULE 3
Fuels and Solar Energy:
Fuels: Introduction, classification, calorific value- gross andnet calorific values, determination of calorific value of fuel usingbomb calorimeter, numerical problems.
Cracking: Introduction,fluidized catalytic cracking, synthesis of petrol by Fishcher-Tropschprocess, reformation of petrol, octane and cetane numbers.Gasoline and diesel knocking and their mechanism, anti knocking agents, power alcohol & biodiesel.Solar Energy:Introduction, utilization and conversion,photovoltaic cells- construction and working. Design of PV cells:modules, panels & arrays. Advantages & disadvantages of PV cells.Production of solar grade silicon: Union carbide process,purification of silicon (zone refining), doping of silicon-diffusion technique (n&p types).
10 HOURS
MODULE 4
Polymers:
Introduction, types of polymerization: addition andcondensation,mechanism of polymerization- free radical mechanism taking vinylchloride as an example. Molecular weight of polymers: number average and weight average, numerical problems. Glass transitiontemperature (Tg): Factors influencing Tg-Flexibility, inter molecular forces, molecular mass, branching & cross linking and stereo regularity. Significance of Tg. Structure property relationship:crystallinity, tensile strength, elasticity & chemical resistivity.Synthesis, properties and applications of PMMA (plexi glass),Polyurethane and polycarbonate. Elastomers: Introduction,synthesis, properties and applications of Silicone rubber. Adhesives: Introduction, synthesis, properties and applications of epoxy resin. Polymer Composites: Introduction, synthesis,properties and applications of Kevlar. Conducting polymers:Introduction, mechanism of conduction in Poly aniline and applications of conducting poly aniline.
10 HOURS
MODULE 5
Water Technology and Nanomaterials:Water Technology:
Introduction,boiler troubles with disadvantages & prevention methods-scale and sludge formation,priming and foaming, boiler corrosion(due to dissolved O2, CO2andMgCl2). Determination of DO, BOD and COD, numerical problems on COD. Sewage treatment: Primary, secondary (activated sludge method) and tertiary methods. Softening of water byion exchange process. Desalination of sea water by reverse osmosis & electrodialysis (ion selective)..Nano Materials:Introduction, properties (size dependent).Synthesis-bottom up approach (sol-gel, precipitation, gas condensation & chemical vapor condensation processes). Nanoscale materials- carbon nano tubes, nano wires, fullerenes, dendrimers, nano rods, & nano composites
10 HOURS
Course outcomes:
On completion of this course, students will have knowledge in:
•Electrochemical and concentration cells. Classical & modern batteriesand fuel cells.
•Causes & effects of corrosion of metals and control of corrosion.Modification of surface properties of metals to develop resistance to corrosion, wear, tear, impact etc. by electroplating and electroless plating.
•Production & consumption of energy for industrialization of country andliving standards of people. Utilization of solar energy for different useful forms of energy.
•Replacement of conventional materials by polymers for variousapplications.
•Boiler troubles; sewage treatment and desalination of sea water, and
•Over viewing of synthesis, properties and applications of nanomaterials.
Text Books:
1.B.S.Jai Prakash, R.Venugopal, Sivakumaraiah & Pushpa Iyengar.,“Chemistry for Engineering Students”, Subhash Publications,Bangalore.
2.R.V.Gadag & A.Nityananda Shetty.,“Engineering Chemistry”, I KInternational Publishing House Private Ltd. New Delhi.
3.P.C.Jain & Monica Jain.,“Engineering Chemistry”, Dhanpat RaiPublications, New Delhi.
Reference Books:
1.O.G.Palanna,“Engineering Chemistry”,Tata McGraw Hill Education Pvt.Ltd. New Delhi, Fourth Reprint.
2.G.A.Ozin & A.C. Arsenault,“Nanochemistry A Chemical Approach to Nanomaterials”, RSC publishing, 2005.
3.“Wiley Engineering Chemistry”, Wiley India Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi. SecondEdition.
4.V.R.Gowariker, N.V.Viswanathan & J.Sreedhar.,“Polymer Science”,Wiley-Eastern Ltd.5.M.G.Fontana.,“Corrosion Engineering”, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi.